Lore

Hamilton Helmer's Seven Powers

A competitive-moat framework (referenced in response to an audience question) enumerating multiple distinct sources of defensibility — including brand, economies of scale, and network effects among others — rather than treating any single moat type as universal.

Raised as a check against over-relying on network effects specifically: Casey's own focus is network effects because that's been his operating experience, but he points to Seven Powers as the broader checklist to make sure a business's actual moat is being correctly identified rather than assumed.

Related to Network Effect Taxonomy: Direct, Cross-Side, and Data (one power among the seven), Four Sources of Hard-to-Copy Advantage (Brand, Network Effects, Technology, Scale) (a narrower four-source version of the same kind of checklist), and Strategy as a Route to Continuing Power in a Significant Market (Helmer) (Helmer's underlying definition of strategy that this taxonomy operationalizes).